不同采收成熟度对烤烟品质的影响

The Influence of Different Harvesting Maturity to Tobacco Quality

[目的]考察不同采收成熟度对烤烟品质的影响。[方法]试验以吉林省主推的2个烤烟品种JY-02-3和云87为材料,通过对2个品种的成熟规律和叶片的外观性状特征的观察,对不同部位不同叶龄叶片的化学成分、致香物质进行测定,从而对2个品种的成熟过程以及不同采收成熟度对烟叶品质的影响进行研究。[结果]试验表明,2个品种的农艺性状JY-02-3表现较好,云87次之。JY-02-3下部叶在叶龄60～65 d(移栽后80～88 d)、中部叶在叶龄65～70 d(移栽后97～103 d)、上部叶在叶龄70～75 d(移栽后118～123 d)时,各项成分含量较适宜;云87下部叶在叶龄60～65 d(移栽后80～88 d)、中部叶在叶龄70～75 d(移栽后103～110 d)、上部叶在叶龄70～75 d(移栽后118～123 d)时,各项成分含量较适宜。JY-02-3中部叶65～70 d叶龄、云87中部叶在70～75 d叶龄适时采收的鲜烟叶具备潜在质量基础,有利于烤后烟叶香气物质含量的提高。[结论]研究可为烟叶适时采收及提高烟叶品质提供理论依据,以提高烟叶的使用价值和经济效益。

[ Objective ] To investigate effects of different harvesting maturity on quality of flue-cured tobacco. [ Method ] With JY-02-3 and Yun 87 as material, through observing mature law and leaf appearance characters, the chemical components and aroma substances of different parts and ages leaf were determined, the mature course of the two varieties and effects of different harvesting maturity on tobacco quality were studied. [ Result ] The results showed that the agronomic traits of JY-02-3 are better than Yun 87. The component contents in JY-02-3 are proper under the conditions ： leaf age of lower part 60 - 65 d（ after transplanting 80 - 88 d）, middle leaf 65 - 70 d（ after transplanting 97 - 103 d）, upper leaf 70 - 75 d（ after transplanting 118 - 123 d） ; the eomponent contents in Yun 87 are proper under the conditions ： leaf age of lower part 60 - 65 d （ af- ter transplanting 80 -88 d）, middle leaf 70 -75 d（after transplanting 103 - 110 d）, upper leaf 70 -75 d（after transplanting 118 -123 d）. JY- 02-3 middle part of leaf at 65 - 70 d, Yun 87 middle part of leaf at 70 - 75 d, the harvesting fresh tobacco leaf has potential quality foundation, which is beneficial for improving aroma content. [ Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for tobacco harvesting at proper time and improving tobacco quality, so as to igaprove the utilization value and economic benefit of tobacco leaf.