湖北省荆门市老年人幸福度与应对方式相关性研究

Correlative study of old people′s happiness degree and coping styles in Jingmen city

目的探讨湖北省荆门市老年人幸福度与应对方式的相关性。方法采用纽芬兰大学幸福度量表和老年应对量表对湖北省荆门市608名老年人进行问卷调查,并进行F检验、相关及回归分析。结果老年人幸福度得分0-48分,平均(31.37±9.90)分;积极应对得分3-65分,平均(34.96±12.08)分;消极应对得分3-48分,平均(20.22±8.79)分,分别占其总分的65.35%(31.37/48.00)、43.16%(34.96/81.00)和39.65%(20.22/51.00)。不同年龄、经济收入及收入来源老年人幸福度和应对方式比较,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05),积极应对与老年人总体幸福度得分呈正相关(r=0.180,P<0.05),消极应对与老年人总体幸福度得分呈负相关(r=-0.215,P<0.01),逃避、面对、幻想、淡化是老年人幸福度的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论湖北省荆门市老年人幸福度和积极应对状况均较差,应帮助老年人提高积极应对方式,从而提高老年人幸福度。

Objective To explore the correlation between the happiness degree and the coping styles among old people in Jingmen city.Methods 608 elderly people in Jingmen city were performed the questionnaire survey by the distributing scales of happiness degree of Newfoundland University and coping styles and the results were conducted the F-test,correlation and regression analysis.Results The elderly people totally scored 0-48 in the degree of happiness with the average score of 31.37 ± 9.90,3-65 in the positive coping with the average score of 34.96±12.08,and 3-48 in the negative coping with the average score of 20.22 ±8.79,respectively accounting for 65.35%（31.37/48.00）,43.16%（34.96/81.00） and 39.65%（20.22/51.00） of the total scores.There were statistical differences in the happiness degree and the coping styles among old people with different ages,incomes and sources of income（P0.05）.The positive coping was positively correlated with the old people′s scores in the overall happiness degree（r=0.180,P0.05）,while the negative coping was negatively correlated with the old people′s scores in the overall happiness degree（r=-0.215,P0.01）.Escaping,facing,illusion and dilution were the factors influencing old people′s happiness（P0.01）.Conclusion Old people in Jingmen city have the poor status in the happiness degree and the coping styles.Should help old people to improve their positive coping styles for enhancing their happiness degree.