高速公路间断放行的能耗和排放影响

Impact of intermittent vehicle release on freeway energy dissipation and emissions

公路交通业是能源消耗大户,也是催生雾霾天气形成的废气污染物的重要排放源。雾霾天气会使交通不能正常运行,为此制定的交通管理措施影响到能源的消耗和污染物的排放。该文从节能减排的角度,在制定最优的浓雾条件下高速公路间断放行措施中尽量减少车辆的能耗和排放。通过建立交通流元胞自动机(CA)模型,探讨了不同的间断放行措施对能耗和排放的影响。研究结果表明:在满足每车道最低交通量和交通安全要求的前提下,间断放行数量有一定的区间限制,采用区间下边界的数值时,放行车队通过雾区时平均每辆车的能耗最小,同时CO和NOx排放最少。

The road transportation sector consumes large amounts of energy and is an important source of exhaust pollutants which acceIerate the formation of fog and haze. Heavy fog affects normal traffic operations, and countermeasures such as intermittent vehicle release onto the freeway also affect the energy usage and pollutant emissions. A method was developed to determine the optimal countermeasures to minimize energy usage and vehicle emissions based on a CA model of the impact of various intermittent release patterns on the energy usage and vehicle emissions,. The results show that the limits on the intermittent vehicle release rate are related to the traffic volume and safety requirements. The lower boundary of the interval minimizes the energy usage and the CO and NOx emissions.