对外医疗援助的新思维

Innovation of Chinese Medical Foreign Aid

我国对外医疗援助取得了巨大成功。但面对新形势,需要在认识、机制、管理、结构、舆论和预案等方面进一步创新:在认识方面,要充分认识援外医疗具有超越政治的便利,它是国际关系的试金石和外交斗争的角力点。在机制方面,应实现援助的一体化,达到全非洲"一盘棋,共进退";从提高现有资金的效率、丰富合作形式、收取费用和利用国际资金等方面入手,改善医疗队的造血机能以减轻国家的财政负担;开发非官方机制,拓展合作领域,灵活处理产权,提高对外医疗援助的抗击打能力和战斗力。在管理方面,应从医疗队的派遣、队长的选拔和队员的管理入手,完善和探索切实有效的管理制度。在结构上,或可建立非洲总医院,以实现医疗队的升级与升格。在舆论上,要主动作为,正确应对,掌控国际话语权。同时制定各种规避风险的预案。通过以上方式,提高我国对外医疗援助的实效,实现受援国民众健康与我国战略利益的双赢。

Whereas great successes had achieved of China＇s medical foreign aid,new problems were encountered recent years.Those should be innovated in the fields of recognitions,mechanisms,managements,structures,public opinions and preparatory programs.In the area of recognitions,the beyond-political convenience of the aid should be fully understood and the touchstone role in international relations and the wrestle point in diplomatic struggles should be recognized completely.In mechanisms,in order to improve the endurance and vitality of medical foreign aid,an integrated situation interpreted as ＂complete game,closely aligned＂should be cultivated.Such ways as utilizing the existing funds efficiently,enriching the forms of cooperation and adopting international funds could be applied as the hematopoietic mechanisms of the medical teams to alleviate the financial burden of the state.At the same time,unofficial mechanisms should be explored,areas of cooperation should be expanded and property rights should be operated flexibly.In management,an effective management system should be promoted in the dispatch of medical teams,the captain selection and management of the staffs.To achieve the upgrading and updating of the team,the establishment of an African General Hospital might be conceived.At last,positive action and correct response to the public opinion should be experienced to control the international voice,and a variety of plans should be developed to avoid risks.By those ways above,the effectiveness of China＇s foreign medical aid could be achieved and a win-win situation could be realized of the people？ s health in recipient countries and our strategic interests.