某综合性医院2010～2012年住院患者HIV-1抗体初筛结果

Results of HIV antibody screening in inpatients of a general hospital in 2010～2012

目的了解某综合性大医院住院患者中HIV抗体初筛阳性率及其变化和科室分布情况。方法对2010年6月~2012年5月住院的部分患者进行HIV抗体初筛检测。结果共对244 636例住院患者进行了HIV抗体初筛试验,其中HIV抗体初筛阳性共291例,总阳性率为0.119%。其中2010年6月~2011年5月检测113 514例,筛查阳性样本89例,阳性率为0.078%;2011年6月~2012年5月检测131 122例,筛查阳性样本202例,阳性率为0.154%,两年度间差异具有统计学意义。291例初筛阳性患者分布于22个科室,其中高发科室有呼吸内科、感染科、神经内科、血液科、皮肤科、心血管内科、耳鼻喉科、急诊内科、肿瘤科和肾病风湿科。这些科室发现的HIV抗体初筛阳性者占到总筛查阳性的81.44%,而且呼吸内科、感染科、神经内科和血液科筛查的HIV抗体阳性者则占到总筛查阳性的一半以上（55.33%）。结论住院患者中存在较高的HIV抗体初筛阳性率、年度间呈现上升趋势,并且科室分布广泛。故应对住院患者实施HIV抗体普遍筛查,及时发现HIV感染者,避免HIV医源性感染。

Objective To investigate the positive rate of HIV antibody in inpatients of a general hospital.Methods The plasma HIV antibodies of 244 636 inpatients were detected from June 2010 to May 2012,then the positive cases were analyzed.Results Totally 291 plasma samples were positive by the antibody screening test for HIV and the positive rate was 0.119%.The plasma HIV antibodies of 113 514 inpatients were detected from June 2010 to May 2011,89 plasma samples were positive with the positive rate of 0.078%.The plasma HIV antibodies of 131 122 inpatients were detected from June 2011 to May 2012,202 plasma samples were positive with the positive rate of 0.154%.The 291 positive cases were distributed in 22 clinical departments including Pneumology Department,Infectious Disease Department,Neurology Department,Hematology Department,Dermatological Department,Vasculocardiology Department,Otolaryngological Department,Internal Emergency Department,Oncology Department and Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatism,accounted for 81.44%of the total cases.Conclusion The positive rate of HIV antibody among inpatients is high and shows an increasing trend.The test of HIV antibodies is an important way for finding the HIV/AIDS infector in general hospital.The HIV antibody test should be strengthened in inpatients for early detection of infections and control the transmission of AIDS.