广西2009～2012年集中式中央空调冷却塔水嗜肺军团菌调查

Survey of Legionella pneumophila in cooling tower water of central air conditioning system in guangxi in 2009-2012

目的了解广西公共场所集中式中央空调冷却塔水嗜肺军团菌污染状况,为科学防制提供依据。方法采集2009~2012年广西14个地级市公共场所301份集中式中央空调冷却塔水进行嗜肺军团菌培养及鉴定。结果共检出嗜肺军团菌95株,阳性率31.56%（95/301）,LP1型占54.74%（52/95）,LP2-15型占45.26%（43/95）。中央空调系统使用单位（酒店、宾馆、超市和医院）该菌阳性率40.29%（83/206）。45株嗜肺军团菌1型经脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分型,获得了41种基因型别,带型比较分散,未发现绝对优势带型。结论广西公共场所水体嗜肺军团菌污染普遍存在且较严重,对人群健康构成潜在威胁,需要引起重视,以防军团菌病的暴发流行。

Objective To understand the prevalence of Legionella pneumophila in cooling tower water in public places of Guangxi,.Methods A total of 301 samples of cooling tower water were collected from the central air-conditioning system in 14 prefectures of Guangxi during 2009 and 2012.Bacterial culture and identification for Legionella pneumophila was carried out on the samples collected.Results A total of 95 strains of Legionella pneumophlla（LP） were isolated with a positive rate of 31.56%（95/301）.LP1 accounted for 54.74%（52/95）and LP2-15 for 45.26%（43/95）.The prevalence of this organism was 40.29%（83/206）in facilities using central air-conditioning system,including restaurants,hotels,supermarkets and hospitals.A total of 41 genotypes were identified in the 45 strains of LP1 assayed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis（PFGE）,suggesting that diverse genotypes has been found and no predominant genotype has been detected.Conclusions The high prevalence of legionella bacteria in water in public places is a potential threat to the health of the population.Attention should be drawn on the contamination of legionella to avoid outbreak caused by this organism.