新疆多民族混居区人群颈围与血压水平的相关性

Correlation between neck circumference and blood pressure in population of Xinjiang multi-ethnic region

目的分析新疆多民族地区人群的颈围与血压水平及高血压患病风险是否相关。方法利用2004-09-10分层随机整群抽样法完成的新疆博尔塔拉州维吾尔族、哈萨克族、蒙古族和汉族人群的高血压及代谢综合征流行病学资料(入选4306人,其中维吾尔族、哈萨克族、蒙古族、汉族各1238、1049、812、1207人)。应用相关分析评价颈围与血压水平的关系,应用回归分析控制体质量指数(BMI)、腰围等因素后评价颈围对血压水平及高血压患病风险的影响。结果颈围(37.9±3.3)(男)、(34.4±3.1)cm(女),校正年龄、民族因素后,颈围与BMI[r=0.666(男)、0.533(女)]、腰围[r=0.592(男)、0.523(女)]、收缩压[r=0.185(男)、0.182(女)]、舒张压[r=0.263(男)、0.198(女)]呈正相关(均P<0.01)。线性及Logistic回归分析后,和颈围<33.5cm组比较,颈围每增加1级(33.5～<36.5、36.5～<39.5、≥39.5cm),女性的收缩压增加2.069mmHg(t=3.041,P=0.002)、舒张压增加0.949mmHg(t=2.379,P=0.017)。和颈围<33.5cm组比较,颈围增加(33.5～<36.5或36.5～<39.5或≥39.5cm)后女性患高血压、高收缩压、高舒张压的风险增加(均P<0.05);颈围增加与男性收缩压相关性无统计学意义(t=0.518,P=0.605),但颈围每增加1级,男性舒张压水平增加1.385mmHg(t=2.947,P=0.003),仅当男性颈围≥39.5cm时,其高血压及高收缩压患病风险明显高于颈围<33.5cm者(均P<0.05)。结论在新疆博尔塔拉州维吾尔族、哈萨克族、蒙古族、汉族人群中颈围增加与血压水平升高、高血压患病风险增加相关,并且可能对女性人群的影响更大。

Objective To investigate the relationship of neck circumference（NC） with blood pressure level and the risk of hypertension in multi ethnic rigion of Xinjiang. Methods A total of 4306 subjects aged from 20 to 80, in- cluding 1238 Uygur, 1049 Kazak, 812 Mongolian, and 1207 Han, were selected from the cross sectional study of hypertension and metabolism syndrome from September to October, 2004 by stratified random cluster sampling method. Pearson＇s correlation was used to assess the relationship between NC, systolic blood pressure（SBP） , and diastolic blood pressure（DBP）. Linear regression and Logistic regression models were used respectively to assess the effects of NC changes on the levels of blood pressure and the risk of hypertension development after controuing body mass index{BMI） , waist circumference（WC） and other factors. Results The mean NC of participants was （37.9±3.3） for male and （34.4 ± 3.1）cm for female. NC positively correlated with BMI [r =0. 666 （male） , 0. 533 （female）], WC [r=0.592（male）, 0.523（female）], SBP [r=0. 185（male）, 0. 182（female）] and DBP [r=0.263 （male）, 0. 198（female）] （all P〈0.05）, after the adjustments for age and ethnicity. According to linear regression and logistic regression, compared with that of those whose NC were no more than 33.5 cm, the levels of SBP and DBP of females, whose NC levels were 33.5-〈36.5, 36.5-〈39.5 cm, and no less than 39.5 cn, respectively increased 2.069（t=3.041, P=0.002） and 0.949 mm Hg（t=2.379,P=0.017） in accordance with every raise in NC levels. Their risks of hypertension, high SBP, and high DBP were also increased （all P〈0.05）. Among males, NC was not associated with the SBP level （B = 0. 103, t = 0. 518, P = 0. 605 ）. However, compared with those males whose NC were 〈33.5 cm, the DBP o{ the males whose NC were≥39.5 cm increased by 1. 385 mm Hg（t= 2. 947, P= 0. 003）in accordance with every raise in their NC levels （all P（0.05）. Their risks of hypertension and high SBP were signi[icantly higher than those of the males whose NC were 〈33.5 cm. Conclusions Neck circumference eorrelats with the increase in blood pressure and the risk of hypertension among Uygur, Kazak, Mongolian, and Han populations. The effects of NC may be more obvious in femles.