变体飞艇太阳能电池阵列工作特性的影响因素

Working Characteristic Affecting Factors of Transformable Airships' Solar Cell Array

太阳能电池阵列是近空间变体飞艇的主要能源系统,决定着飞艇的性能。根据变体飞艇的特性,针对变体太阳能飞艇,建立巡航状态下的太阳能电池阵列的几何模型和太阳辐射模型。利用模型,根据太阳辐射和飞艇飞行高度的变化,计算太阳辐射强度和太阳能电池阵列接收功率,绘制太阳能电池阵列接受的有效辐射强度云图。结果表明:正午功效是早晚的3～4倍;当太阳高度较低时,飞艇偏航角对阵列所接受的有效强度分布和功率有一定影响;季节对阵列有效强度分布和正午功率有较大影响;纬度位置影响飞艇功率变化和所产生的总能量;电池布置在艇体顶部获取更多能量。

Solar cell array is the main power system of near-space transformable airship, which gener- ally determines the performance of airship. According to the features of transformable airships, the geometry model and sun radiation model of solar cell array was established when transformable air- ships operate in the cruise condition. Applying models, the solar radiation intensity and power re- ceived by solar cell array was calculated based on the changes of solar radiation and airships＇ flight altitude. Results show that the power at noontide is 3-4 times as much as that at morning and nightfall. When solar elevation angle is low, power collection is affected by the flight angle of airship. Season is a main factor that influences the intensity distribution and power at noon. Latitude influences the total power of solar cell array. It is good for power collection to place the solar cells on the top of the airship.