吉林省典型城市大气中PAHs来源解析

Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in typical cities of Jilin province

通过对吉林省4个典型城市,即吉林、白城、四平和通化市大气颗粒物中多环芳烃（PAHs）的采样和分析,得到16种PAHs的成分谱,应用主因子分析和特征比值法对其进行定性研究,得到吉林省大气中PAHs的2种主要来源——车辆尾气和燃煤。并应用绝对主因子分析法进一步定量计算这2种源对PAHs的浓度贡献值及贡献率,结果表明：吉林省典型城市PAHs解析值为772.39μg.g-1,绝大多数解析值与监测值之间的比值接近于1,车辆尾气对各PAH的贡献率为2.6%~67.6%,燃煤源的贡献率为24.1%~121.2%。另外,该研究还计算了已识别的2种源对于不同环数的PAHs的贡献,2~3环的PAHs大部分来自于燃煤,约占总体的89%,车辆尾气仅占11%;4环的PAHs约58%来源于燃煤,42%来源于车辆尾气;5环的PAHs约45%来源于燃煤,55%来源于车辆尾气;6环PAHs来源于燃煤的占61%,来源于车辆尾气的占39%。

The thesis analyzed the atmospheric particulate samples collected in four cities （Jilin, Baicheng, Siping and Tonghua） in Jilin Province and 16 kinds of PAHs were detected in these samples. Principal component analysis and characteristic ratio method were used to qualitatively analyze the PAHs, and two major sources were identified--vehicle emissions and coal combustion. The contributions from the two major sources were measured in further quantitative calculation with absolutely principal component analysis. The results show that： the calculated value of the typical cities of Jilin province is 772.39 ~g.g-~, most ratios between calculated and monitoring values are close to 1. The vehicle emissions contributed 2.6%-67.6% of various PAHs, coal combustion 24.1%-121.2%. In addition, the contributions of the two identified sources to different ring-PAHs were also estimated. The 2-3 ring-PAHs were estimated most from coal combustion, about 89%, only 11% from vehicle emissions; the 4 ring-PAHs contributed by the coal combustion were 58%, and vehicle emissions 42%; contributions of the 5-ring PAHs from coal combustion and vehicle emissions were 45% and 55%, respectively; the higher members were mainly contributed by the coal combustion （61%）, and vehicle emissions 39%.