综合性二级医院急诊外科患者的流行病学研究

目的分析综合性二级医院急诊外科患者的流行病学特点,探讨综合性二级医院如何改进,更好地为急诊外伤病患服务。方法针对2007年12月21日-2012年12月20日在北京市大兴区红星医院急诊外科就诊的137254例患者的流行病学资料进行系统回顾分析,包括年龄、性别、时间分布、急诊诊断病因、急诊处理和去向。结果急诊外科5年来患者总数为137254例,病例数呈逐年下降趋势,2010年最多,2011年较前一年减少4680例,2012年较前一年减少822例,男性多于女性,男女之比为1.40:1,20～29岁患者最多,>80岁患者最少,每天10:00～12:00,17:00～22:00患者最多(构成比为35%～45%),每周六、日患者约构成比为平时的两倍,每年5～9月患者最多,1、2月患者最少,急诊外科以动物及机械致伤最多,20.12%的患者需急诊处理,5.18%的患者需急诊缝合,79.14%的患者就诊后可安全回家,15.45%的患者需留院观察或住院,5.17%的患者需转上级医院进一步就诊。结论通过综合性二级医院患者的流行病学资料研究、分析,加上综合性二级医院所处的医疗竞争环境,明确了综合性二级医院应提高服务质量及医疗技术能力,下接一级医院,上转三级医院,真正能起到承上启下的作用,建立健全合理转接程序,才能立于不败之地。

Objective To analyse comprehensive secondary hospital emergency surgery patients epidemiological characteristics,this paper discusses how to improve the comprehensive second hospital,better for emergency trauma patient service.Methods Aimed at December 21,2007 to December 2012,and in emergency surgery clinic 137254 patients epidemiological data review analysis,including age,gender,time distribution,emergency diagnosis,emergency treatment and to the cause.Results The emergency surgery patients with 5 years for a total of 137254 cases,cases are reduced year by year,in 2010 the most,2011 a year earlier,a decrease of 4680 cases of 2012 from a year earlier,a decrease of 822 cases of men more than women,men and women for the ratio of 1.40：1,most patients to 29,80 years old patients,at least every morning and evening to 12,17 to 22 patients with the most,accounts for 35% 45%,every Saturday and Sunday at ordinary times patients accounted for about two times a year,five to nine months most cases,1,2 months at least emergency surgery patients with animals and machinery to hurt most cases,20.12% of the patients who need emergency treatment,5.18% of the patients who need emergency emergency suture,79.14% of patients after a safe home,15.45% of patients need to leave courtyard observation or be in hospital,5.17% of patients need to turn higher hospital see a doctor further.Conclusion Through the comprehensive secondary hospital patients epidemiological research,analysis,and comprehensive secondary hospitals in medical competition environment,has been clear about the comprehensive secondary hospital should improve the service quality and medical technology,the ability to meet class hospital,turn on hospitals,really can play the role of the transitional,establish and perfect the reasonable transfer procedures,can be in an impregnable position.