密尔正义理论的论证方法及其运思策略

Demonstration Methods and Thinking Strategy of Mill’s Theory of Justice

密尔的正义理论摒弃正义的先天来源及其不受功利审核的绝对性,认为主要可以从经验出发来考察正义问题。他秉承经验主义的研究方法,也作了一些人性假设,以此来确定行为的对错标准;运用"密尔五法"于正义理论的论证之中,通过分析比较,得出正义原则的自身特点;十分重视正义感的心理分析,得出与文明性的正义观相对应的情感之特有性质。可以说,通过连贯地运用这些方法,其正义理论具备了相当高的学术意义。

Mill’s theory of justice denied the a priori origin of justice and its absoluteness beyond any utility.He thought that we can investigate justice from an empirical standpoint.He decided the criterion of rightness and wrongness of behaviors through empiricism method and some hypothesis about human nature.He employed Mill’s Five Methods to demonstrate his theory of justice,and found out the very quality of justice.He put a special emphasis on the psychological analysis of the sense of justice and in so doing,he found out the characteristic of the feelings corresponding to the idea of justice.We think that Mill’s theory of justice is endowed with the very important academic value owing to his using these methods coherently.