侠义精神在《三侠五义》中的修正

Revision of Chivalrous Spirit in The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants

自《史记·游侠列传》《史记·刺客列传》以来,游侠在文学作品中不断闪现,至明清侠文学蔚为大观。在此过程中,游侠的行为和人格也发生了显著的变化。明清游侠崇尚血气之勇,但更追求忠义;有轻生死重然诺的墨家精神,但更有兼济天下的儒家情怀。《三侠五义》可看成对古代侠义精神做出的一种修正。另外,在《水浒传》中表现的侠客归顺官府的叙事模式,至《三侠五义》终于成熟。

Ever since the appearance of The Records of the Grand Historian：Biographies of the Wandering Knights and The Records of the Grand Historian：Biographies of Assassins,the wandering knights have been frequently created in the literary works and have become a splendid sight in the literature of the Ming and Qing dynasties.During this period,the behavior and personality of the wandering knights have changed markedly： from admiring courageous bravery to pursuing ardent loyalty,from Mohism which puts more emphasis on promise than on life to Confucianism which advocates helping the people on earth.The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants can be looked on as a revision of ancient chivalrous spirit.Furthermore,the narrative mode in Outlaws of the Marsh which tells the story of the wandering knights pledging allegiance to the government is eventually mature in The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants.