基于MTDNA序列的中国臭蚁亚科(膜翅目,蚁科)分子系统学研究(英文)

MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF THE SUBFAMILY DOLICHODERINAE (HYMENOPTERA,FORMICIDAE) FROM CHINA BASED ON MTDNA SEQUENCE

通过对臭蚁亚科7属16种昆虫(凹头臭蚁属Philidris因未采集到除模式标本以外的标本,故未包含在其中)线粒体DNA的COⅠ、COⅡ和Cytb基因部分序列(1801bp)进行测定,并从GeneBank下载Leptomyrmex unicolor相应基因片段序列,以江华多刺蚁Polyrhachis jianghuaensis和聚纹双刺猛蚁Diacammarugosum作外群,重建了中国臭蚁亚科系统发育关系。研究结果支持(狡臭蚁属Technomyrmex+(酸臭蚁属Tapinoma+光胸臭蚁属Liometopum))的关系,虹臭蚁属Iridomyrmex+凹臭蚁属Ochetellus为姐妹群,强烈支持臭蚁属Dolichoderus的单系性,8种臭蚁的遗传关系稳定:((((((平背臭蚁D.flatidorsus+黑腹臭蚁D.taprobanae)+(皱头臭蚁D.rugocapitus+费氏臭蚁D.feae))+双疣臭蚁D.thoracicus)+凹头臭蚁D.incisus)+西伯利亚臭蚁D.sibiricus)+毛臭蚁D.pilosus)。系统发育树显示细臭蚁属Leptomyrmex在臭蚁亚科进化过程中的分类地位不确定,没有与同族的虹臭蚁属和凹臭蚁属聚在一起,而是与穴臭蚁属Borhriomyrmex聚在一起互为姐妹群,这与传统的形态分类观点不一致,还有待于进一步研究。

T he phylogeny of the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae in C hina was reconstructed. Sequence fragments of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ （COⅠ） ,subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） and cytochrome b （Cytb） （total 1 801 bp） genes from 16 representatives in seven of the eight genera from C hina w ere used （excluding the genus Philidris,of w hich no other specimens w ere collected except for the type specimens） . Polyrhachis jianghuaensis and Diacamma rugosum w ere used as outgroups and combining gene fragments sequences of Leptomyrmex unicolor w hich dow nloaded from the G eneBank. T he results demonstrated the relationship （Technomyrmex ＋ （Tapinoma ＋ Liometopum）） ,the sister group of Iridomyrmex ＋ Ochetellus,and strongly supported that Dolichoderus is monophyletic. T he phylogenetic relationship of eight species of the genus Dolichoderus is （（（（（（D. flatidorsus ＋ D. taprobanae） ＋ （D. rugocapitus ＋ D. feae）） ＋ D. thoracicus） ＋ D. incisus） ＋ D. sibiricus） ＋ D. pilosus） . The phylogenetic trees suggest that Leptomyrmex and Bothriomyrmex are sister groups,even though they w ere considered a single tribe in previous studies. Leptomyrmex,Iridomyrmex,and Ochetellus,which w ere previously considered as tribe Leptomyrmecini,are not clustered together. The taxonomic position of the genus Leptomyrmex is ambiguous. Further molecular and morphological studies are needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the genera.