小麦温光敏雄性不育系BNS育性恢复性测定及杂种优势

Restoring Ability Test and Heterosis Analysis of Wheat Thermo-photo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line BNS

以小麦温光敏雄性不育系BNS为母本,480个常规品种(系)为父本配制组合,研究BNS育性的恢复性。结果表明,BNS不育系具有可恢复性,但恢复源很窄。在480个组合中筛选出自交结实率达50%以上的组合22个,对这22个组合杂种F1自交结实率和7个农艺性状的杂种优势进行分析,发现22个杂种F1组合恢复幅度为53.47%～93.81%(国际法)、42.42%～76.43%(国内法),其中3个组合的育性得到较好恢复,分别是BNS/西农9062、BNS/N9209选、BNS/K460,其自交结实率(国际法)分别为93.81%、91.67%和91.38%,说明这3个材料携带有BNS的育性恢复基因。22个组合杂种F1普遍存在一定的杂种优势,7个农艺性状大都表现出正向优势,组合BNS/西农9062、BNS/N9209选和BNS/K460杂种F1,除千粒质量正向优势不明显外,其余性状都表现出一定的正向优势,这3个组合杂种优势表现强,具有应用于生产的潜力。

To study the restoring ability of the thermo photo-sensitive genic male sterile line BNS, 480 conventional cuhivars were used as male parent to cross with BNS. The results showed that restoring genes could be found in common wheat while restoring sources were narrow. 22 restorer lines with restoring rate up to 50O/oo were selected from the 480 combinations, and self-seed set rate of F1 hybrids and seven agronomic traits were analyzed. Results demonstrated that among 22 combinations of FI hy brids, the restoring force ranged from 53. 47% to 93. 81% （international method）, 42. 42% to 76.43%（domestic method）. Three combinations were fertile, and the highest were BNS/Xinong 9062, BNS/N9209 Xuan and BNS/K460, and their self-seed set was 93.81%, 91.67% and 91.38%, respectively. This indicated that the three male lines had restoring genes. The heterosis in F1 hybrids performed in most traits was ubiquitous and positive advantages. In addition, the combinations of BNS/Xinong 9062, BNS/N9209 Xuan and wheat BNS/K460 performed better among 22 combinations in most traits excluding 1 000-grain mass, and had the potential to be used in the production.