番茄灰霉病菌对腐霉利的抗药性检测及生物学性状研究

Detection of procymidone resistance and investigation of biological characteristics in Botrytis cinerea

采用区分剂量法,检测了来自福建省、上海市、辽宁省和内蒙古自治区不同采样点的番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea对腐霉利的抗性频率;选取未施药地区的敏感菌株,建立了灰霉病菌对腐霉利的敏感基线;比较了常年施药地区与未施药地区灰霉病菌的抗性频率差异,测定了施药10年以上地区番茄灰霉病菌的抗性指数;研究比较了抗、感菌株的生物学性状。结果表明:腐霉利对127株敏感菌株的平均EC50值为(0.31±0.08)μg/mL;供试4省市灰霉病菌对腐霉利均表现出了很高的抗性频率,其中内蒙古自治区和辽宁省采样点的抗性菌株频率高于90%;在施药历史超过10年的215株田间菌株中,抗性水平最高的菌株来自辽宁省,抗性指数为44.3;施药地区灰霉病菌的抗性频率均高于未施药地区;抗性菌株的抗药性可稳定遗传;供试11株抗性和敏感菌株在产孢量和孢子萌发率、菌丝生长速率、活体致病力等生物学性状方面的差异与其抗性水平之间无明显相关性。

Resistant frequency of Botrytis cinerea isolates collected from different regions of Liaoning, Shanghai, Fujian and Inner Mongolia to procymidone was determined by discriminatory dose method. Baseline sensitivity of B. cinema to procymidone was established using the sensitive isolates unexposed to procymidone. Resistant frequency to procymidone was compared between isolates from procymidone- exposed and unexposed regions. Resistance factor were calculated for resistant isolates from orchords with procymidone application for more than l0 years. Biological characteristics of resistant and sensitive isolates were studied. The results showed that the mean EC50 value of procymidone to 127 sensitive isolates was （0.31 ± 0.08 ） μg/mL. Resistance to procymidone was observed in B. cinema from all four provinces with very high resistant frequency ,which was even higher （than 90% ） in isolates from Liaoning and Inner Mongolia. The isolate from Liaoning province showed the highest resistant factor of 44.3 among 215 isolates from regions exposed to procymidone for more than 10 years. The resistance frequency in B. cinerea isolates from regions exposed to procymidone was higher than that from unexposed regions. The resistance was stable in resistant isolates. There was no correlation between resistant factor and biological characteristics including sporulation, spore germination, mycelial growth and pathogenicity in 4 sensitive and 7 resistant isolates.