两种蚕豆赤斑病菌对常用杀菌剂的抗药性检测及比较

Detection and comparison of fungicide resistance in Botrytis fabae and B.cinerea causing broad-bean chocolate spot disease

对采自浙江、湖北和安徽3省的蚕豆赤斑病样品进行了病原菌的分离和鉴定,采用菌丝生长速率法检测了引起赤斑病的2种病原菌——蚕豆葡萄孢Botrytis fabae和灰葡萄孢B.cinerea的抗药性发生情况,并在离体条件下通过抗药性诱导试验比较了二者的抗药性风险。结果共分离得到153个菌株,其中蚕豆葡萄孢122株(占79.7%),灰葡萄孢31株(占20.3%)。共检测到37株多菌灵高水平抗药性菌株(其中蚕豆葡萄孢9株)和42株异菌脲低水平抗药性菌株(其中蚕豆葡萄孢17株);嘧霉胺对153个菌株的EC50值在0.01～5.13μg/mL之间,平均EC50值为0.72±0.15μg/mL;表明蚕豆赤斑病菌对常见杀菌剂已表现出一定的抗药性,且灰葡萄孢的抗药性问题比蚕豆葡萄孢要严重得多。抗药性诱导试验进一步证实,灰葡萄孢的抗药性风险明显高于蚕豆葡萄孢。

Disease samples of broad-bean chocolate spot （BBCS） from Zhejiang, Hubei and Anhui provinces were collected to isolate and identify the pathogens. Resistance of Botrytis fabae and B. cinema which cause BBCS to fungicides was detected through the mycelial growth rate method. And the fungicide resistance risk of B. fabae and B. cinema was assessed in vitro. Results showed that a total of 153 isolates were collected and 122 of them were B. fabae with the frequency of 79.7%. The rest 31 isolates were B. cinema with the frequency of 20.3%. Thirty-seven high-level carbendazim resistance isolates （9 of them were B.fabae） and 42 low-level iprodione resistance isolates （17 of them were B. fabae） were detected. The ECs0values of pyrimethanil ranged from 0.01 to 5.13 μg/mL with a mean value of 0.72± 0. 15 p,g/mL. These results indicated that BBCS developed resistance to commonfungicides and more serious resistance was developed in B. cinerea than in B. fabae. Moreover, results suggested that the resistance risk of B. cinerea was significantly higher than that of B. fabae in vitro.