两株马铃薯干腐病病原菌的分离和鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Two Pathogenic Stains Associated with Potato Dry Rot

确定马铃薯窖储主要真菌病害马铃薯干腐病的致病菌株,为科学防治提供依据。从黑龙江省哈尔滨地区具有典型马铃薯干腐病症状的薯块中分离获得了2个镰刀菌菌株,通过生物学特征、致病性测定和ITS序列分析进行鉴定。根据测定菌株的生长速度、菌丝形状、菌落色泽、基物表面色泽等初步确定2个致病菌株为黄色镰刀菌(F.culmorum)和燕麦镰刀菌(F.avenaceum),两菌株对离体块茎的致病率分别为41.05%和72.20%。2个菌株的ITS序列与GeneBank中的黄色镰刀菌和燕麦镰刀菌的完全一致,相似度均达到100%,也验证了依据传统特征的鉴定结果。明确了黄色镰刀菌为我国马铃薯干腐病的致病菌。

Determining the pathogenic strain of dry rot during potato storage period is of great significance for sci- entific defending and controlling. In this experiment, we isolated two Fusarium strains with pathogenicity from Har- bin, Heilongjiang province and identified by biological characteristics, pathogenicity and ITS sequencing analysis. According to the growth rate of strain, mycelium shape, colony color, and substrate surface color etc ,two pathogenic strains were preliminary identified as Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium avenaceum, and their pathogenicity rate were 41.05% and 72.20%, respectively. The rDNA-ITS fragments of two pathogenic strains were completely con- sistent with Fusarium cubnorum and Fusarium avenaceum in GeneBank. Combined with the results of morphological identification,we determined two Fusarium strains for potato dry rot pathogen in Heilongjiang province.