复句中后分句句首指示代词的回指功能

An Anaphora of Demonstrative Pronouns on the Initial Position of the Second Clause

在现代汉语某些类型的复句中,后分句句首的指示代词或指示代词短语通过回指而粘合前后分句。句首为指示代词的后分句有五种:说明句、描写句、释因句、评价句和结果句。这五种类型中指示代词或指示代词短语的回指各有特点:在前两者中只能回指前分句的内部成分,不能回指整个前分句;在后三者中,指示代词单用通常回指整个前分句,指示代词短语则通常回指前分句的内部成分。描写句只能用指示代词短语,释因句只能指示代词单用。

In certain kinds of complex sentences in modern Chinese,the demonstrative pronoun or demonstrative pronoun phrase on the initial position of the second clause combines the two clauses by anaphora.Second clauses in complex sentences can be divided into the following five types：clarifying clause,descriptive clause,explaining clause,evaluating clause and effect clause.The features of anaphora of demonstrative pronoun or demonstrative pronoun phrase on the initial position of those clauses are different： in first two types,the demonstrative pronoun or demonstrative pronoun phrase can only refer back to elements of front clause;in last three types,the demonstrative pronoun usually refers back to the whole front clause,and the demonstrative pronoun phrase usually refers back to elements of front clause.A descriptive clause can only use demonstrative pronoun,while an explaining clause can only use demonstrative pronoun phrase.