产业化转型下的日本畅销书出版业发展历程及启示

The Development and Inspiration of Japanese Publication of Best-sellers Under Industrial Transformation

二战以后,日本出版业的产业化变革与转型,为畅销书出版的繁荣发展提供了宏观的发展环境。在出版产业化的转型中,日本建立起比较成熟的畅销书出版机制,成为出版业的一种"文化工业",具有商品化、通俗化、多元化、娱乐化、国际化的特征。这是日本出版业长期发展的经验总结,指导和维系着整个畅销书乃至整个出版业的运营,促使和保证了日本出版业长期的高度繁荣。但对产业化的过度推崇,也使得出版业的文化精神属性逐渐淡化,对畅销书、出版业、读者以及社会文化都会造成消极的影响。这也是日本"出版大崩溃"的重要导火索之一。出版产业化并不意味着对出版商业属性的一味推崇和对文化属性的忽视,二者之间的平衡与协调应该是出版业健康发展的永恒追求。

After the World War Two, Japanese publishing industry experienced a reform and transformation of industrialization, providing an opportunity for the flourishing of the publication of best-sellers. During the transformation of publication industrialization, a mature mechanism of publication for best-sellers has been established, fostering a kind of ＂ cultural industry＂, which enjoys the characteristics of commercialization, popularization, multiplicity, entertainment, and internationalization. This is the result of a long-term development of Japanese publishing industry. But an over-industrialization of the publishing industry has made the cultural spirit of the industry gradually fade away. This is also one of the important blasting fuses of Japanese ＂ Great Publishing Collapse＂. Publishing industrialization does not mean the commercialization of publication and the neglecting of culture, but refer to a balanced and harmonious development of both.