论权利推定的司法定位及其功能

On the Position and Functions of Inference of Rights in Judicature

"国家尊重和保护人权"的条款进入我国宪法以后,权利推定有了更高更明确的规范支持,权利推定被提升为一种司法中的积极作为义务。但这并不意味着权利推定是一种变相的司法自由裁量。相反,权利推定是司法自由裁量权行使的积极制约因素。司法中的权利推定从权利推定所强调的"隐含法律"之发现、多元主体参与沟通和司法权利推定中的层次性三个不同的方面制约着法律实践中的司法自由裁量权,从而保证了司法过程的正当性和可接受性。

Since China＇ s constitution provides the clause of ＂respecting and protecting human rights＂, infer ence of rights has got higher and more clear support and been promoted to a kind of positive obligation in judi cature. However,this does not mean that inference of rights is a disguised form of judicial discretion, on the contrary, it is a positive element in restricting the operation of judicial discretion. Inference of rights in judica ture restricts judicial discretion in three ways of finding ＂implied law＂, communication of multiple subjects and the levels of inference of rights for guaranteeing justness and propriety of judicature in right protection.