民间音乐研究中调查研究方法的应用特征

Characteristics of the Methods in the Survey Study of Folk Music

在音乐学研究中,应用调查研究方法的最佳领域是民间音乐研究,以67篇民间音乐调查研究硕士论文为例,对其调查研究方法的应用情况进行分析。研究发现:硕士论文选择最多的是描述性的课题,缺乏对探索性和解释性课题的研究,选择问题的思路基本集中在表象问题,选题上有看不起小题目的倾向;检索和民间收集相结合是最常用的文献资料收集方法;田野工作法是收集民间音乐经验事实最主要的方法,最经常采用个案和典型调查,观察方式以非参与观察为主,最经常使用非问卷访问法;民族音乐学的方法和理论是分析研究资料的主要方法。

The best field to use survey research method is folk music research in music scientific research. This research has probed into 67 folk music survey research dissertations of master degree and analysed the survey research methods of the authors and found out the following problems： Most of them chose descriptive subjects and few exploratory research and explanatory study could be found and the topics were focused on presentational prob- lems and little topics were looked down upon. Most often used literature data collection method was the combina- tion of retrieval and folk collection. Field work was the main method to collect folk musical experience and facts. Case study and typical survey were used most often. Non - participant observation was the main observation way and non- questionnaire interviews were very popular. As to analyze their research data, they mainly used the methods and theory of ethnomusicology.