油基钻屑微乳液清洗技术研究

Study on oil-base drilling cuttings cleaning technology using microemulsion cleaner

油基钻屑中含有油类、重金属、有机物等污染物,属于国家危险废物.油基钻屑一方面会浪费大量油类资源,另一方面会对环境造成极大伤害.为此,进行了微乳液清洗技术研究,研究了配制规律、钻屑基础油回收率影响因素和微乳液循环利用效果评价.结果表明:微乳液清洗剂的最佳配方为V_(白油):V_(SJ):V_(HYW):V_水=1:4:1.3:2;研发的SJ微乳液清洗剂基础油回收率大于80%,清洗后钻屑含油率小于5%;SJ微乳液清洗剂与回收的油相不互溶,也不乳化,基础油从钻屑表面清洗脱附-离心分离后,清洗液和基础油分成两相,清洗液重复使用多次,钻屑含油率仍可满足环保处理要求.该清洗技术工艺简单,适应性强,不需加热,对设备要求不高,成本低,具有较好的推广应用前景.

There are oils,heavy metals,and organic pollutants in the oil-base drilling cuttings,so it not only seriously pollute environment, but also will waste a large number of oil resource.For this reason,an oil-base drilling cuttings cleaning technology using microemulsion cleaner is developed.The formula of microemulsion cleaner,the factors of influencing base oil recovery rate and the cyclic utilization of the microemulsion are studied.It is shown that,the optimal formula of the microemulsion cleaner is V(white):V(SJ): V(HYW):V(water)=1:4:1.3:2;using the microemulsion cleaner of optimal formula,the recovery rate of base oil can reach to above 80%,the oil content of the cleaned cuttings is less than 5%;the recovered oil is not dissolved in microemulsion cleaner,and it will also not be emulsified by the microemulsion.After the base oil is separated from cuttings by desorption-centrifuge,the cleaning liquid and the base oil are two phases.The cleaning liquid is repeatedly used 3 times,and the oil content rate of the cleaned drilling cuttings can yet meet the requirement of environmental protection.The oil-base drilling cuttings cleaning technique is of simple technology and good suitability.It does not need to heat to cleaning liquid,the requirement of the technique to cleaning equipment is not high,so its cost is low.The technique is of good promotion prospects.