儿童孤独症神经病理学研究进展

Research progress of neuropathology of autism

儿童孤独症是广泛性发育障碍中的代表性疾病。该文综述近年来孤独症患儿神经影像学及神经病理学方面的异常。脑结构的研究显示孤独症患儿的脑体积的增大，额叶、颞叶等处发育异常；脑功能的研究显示孤独症患儿在颞上回、额下回、梭状回等处存在异常活动；脑代谢物的研究显示孤独症患儿存在谷氨酸及γ-氨基丁酸以及5-羟色胺代谢异常；免疫学研究发现孤独症患儿促炎症因子及脑蛋白抗体的出现等。

Childhood autism is an extensive developmental disorder. Abnormal nearoimaging and neuro- pathology brain structure research of autistic children in recent years are reviewed in this paper. Brain structure researches have showed the brain volume increased in children with autism, normally occuring to the frontal lobe, temporal lobe. Brain function researches have shown that children with autism have abnormal activity in the fusiform gyms, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal lobe. Brain metabolites studies have shown that chil- dren with autism present glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid and serotonin metabolism disorder. Immuno- logical studies have found that children with autism have proinflammatory factor and the emergence of a brain protein antibody.