2011年江苏省淮安市碘缺乏病病情调查结果分析

Analysis of survey results of iodine deficiency disorders in Huai ＇an City Jiangsu Province in 2011

目的调查2011年江苏省淮安市碘缺乏病病情现状，为适时采取针对性防治措施和科学调整干预策略提供依据。方法2011年，按照《全国碘缺乏病防治监测方案》的要求，在淮安市采用按人口比例概率抽样方法（PPS）选取30个乡（镇），每个乡（镇）抽取1所小学，每所小学抽取-8一10周岁儿童40名作为观察对象。采用触诊法检NJL童甲状腺肿大情况，采集其家中食用盐样，直接滴定法测定含碘量。从40名儿童中抽取12名采集尿样，用砷铈催化分光光度法检测尿碘。采用问卷对抽中学校5年级学生（30人）和学校所在地的家庭主妇（5名）进行碘缺乏病知识调查。结果甲状腺触诊检查8～10岁儿童1200名，甲状腺肿大率为1．3％（15／1200），均为I度肿大；各年龄组甲状腺肿大率分别为0．8％（3／390）、1．8％（7／390）和1．3％（5／420）。采集8～10岁儿童尿样360份，尿碘中位数为171．5μg／L，其中〈20μg／L的比例为0（0／360），〈50μg／L的比例为1．1％（4／360），〈100μg/L的比例为5．6％（20／360）；检测儿童家中盐样1200份，碘盐覆盖率为99．4％（1193／1200），碘盐合格率为97．7％（1165／11：93），合格碘盐食用率为97．1％（1165／1200），非碘盐率为0．6％（7／1200）。调查5年级学生900人、家庭主妇150人，碘缺乏病知识知晓率分别为82．7％（2234／2700）和69．8％（314／450）。结论淮安市8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率、居民盐碘和8～10岁儿童尿碘均保持在消除碘缺乏病阶段目标水平，但碘缺乏病知识知晓率偏低，今后在防治碘缺乏病工作中除了加强碘盐监测，保证供应合格碘盐外，还应重点加大健康教育的宣传力度。

Objective To evaluate the status of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） in Huai＇an City in 2011 and to pro;zide a scientific basis for adopting target prevention strategies timely and adjusting the intervention policy scientifically. Methods According to ＂The National Project of Surveillance on IDD＂, probability sampling method （PPS） was used to select 30 counties in Huai＇an City, and one primary school was selected randomly from each county, then 40 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school. Children＇s thyroids were examined by palpation and the iodine in salt samples collected in their home was tested by direct titration. At the same time, urine samples from 12 children of the 40 selected children were collected and urinary iodine was tested by As（ 11I ）- Ce4＋ catalytic speetrophotometry. Questionnaire survey of IDD was conducted among 30 students of grade 5 and 5 housewives around that school. Results A total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, and the goiter rate was 1.3%（15/1200）. All the goiters were level I . The goiters of each age group was 0.8%（3/390）, 1.8%（7/390） and 1.3%（5/420）, respectively. The 360 urine samples were collected from children aged 8 - 10, and the median of urinary iodine was 171.5 Ixg/L with the proportions of 〈 20 μg/L, 〈 50μg/L and 〈 100μg/L were 0（0/360）, 1.1% （4/360） and 5.6% （20/360）, respectively. A total of 1200 salt samples were tested in children＇s family. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.4% （1193/1200） and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 97.7% （1165/1193 ）. The consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.1% （1165/1200）, and non iodized salt rate was 0.6% （7/1200）. The knowledge rates of IDD were 82.7%（2234/2700） and 69.8%（314/450） in 900 students and 150 housewives, respectively. Conclusions In Huai＇an City, except the knowledge rate of IDD, the goiter rate and urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10, iodized salt consumption maintain at the stage of the target level. In addition to strengthen the monitoring of iodized salt and to supply qualified iodized salt, it should also increase the focus on health education propaganda in the future.