土家族少年儿童体质发育

Physical development of Tujia children and adolescents

目的探讨武陵山区土家族儿童少年体质发育特征及其规律。方法采用人体测量学的方法,对武陵山区1865例土家族儿童少年(男性953例,女性912例)17项体质发育指标进行测量,计算11项体质指数。结果土家族儿童少年生长发育的各项指标均值随年龄的增长而增加;土家族男女性的生长发育曲线呈上升趋势并且有交叉现象;土家族男性的身高突增年龄为11～13岁,女性则为9、11～12岁;土家族学生的体质指数年龄变化规律与其他民族基本相似,但身体各部分的发育程度不相同。结论土家族儿童少年体质发育符合一般生长发育规律,并有性别差异,土家族男女生的体质发育相对落后于汉族等其他民族学生。

Objective To explore the feature and physical growth patterns of the Tujia nationality children and adolescents in Wuling mountain area. Methods According to the anthropometric method, seventeen physical development items for 1865 Tujia children and adolescents （953 males and 912 females）in Wuling mountain area were investigated, and eleven physical indexes were calculated by formula. Results The characteristic of growth development of Tujia children and adolescents was that the mean value of measuring items gradually increased with age. The growth curves of both Tujia boys and girls were on the rise and appeared crossover phenomenon. The age at peak height velocity was at 11-13 years old for boys while 9 and 11-12 years old for girls. The age changing law of physical development indexes of Tujia children and adolescents were similar to that of other nationalities, while there were differences in the development degree of physical body. Conclusion The physical development of Tujia children and adolescents is in conformity with the general growth pattern, there is gender difference in physical development between male and female of Tujia children and adolescents, and the physical development of Tujia children and adolescents is relatively behind the development of Han and other nationalities.