二斑叶螨的卵和丝网对西花蓟马生长发育和繁殖的影响

Effects of the eggs and webs produced by Tetranychus urticae on the development and reproduction of Frankliniella occidentalis

为探讨二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch的卵和丝网对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)的影响,本文研究了西花蓟马分别取食健康菜豆叶片、带二斑叶螨卵的菜豆叶片、带卵+丝网的菜豆叶片3种不同情况下,西花蓟马生长发育、存活和繁殖情况,并获得了其生命参数。结果表明西花蓟马在带二斑叶螨卵的菜豆叶片上发育最快,其未成熟期为11.35 d,明显短于另外两个处理,在带有二斑叶螨卵和丝网的菜豆叶片上成虫获得率最低为63%,西花蓟马在不同处理之间的成虫寿命和繁殖力没有明显的差异;西花蓟马取食3种菜豆叶片的内禀增长率分别为0.1779、0.1827和0.1710。以上结果说明取食二斑叶螨的卵可缩短西花蓟马发育时间,对种群增长有利,二斑叶螨的丝网可降低西花蓟马的存活率。

Abstract The effects of the presence of eggs and webs produced by Tetranychus urticae Koch on the development, survival rate and reproduction of Frankliniella occidentalis （Pergande） were studied on bean leaves subjected to three treatments （healthy leaves, bean leaves with the eggs of T. urticae, bean leaves with the eggs and webs of T. urticae）. F. occidentalis was found to develop fastest on bean leaves with the eggs of T. urticae. Under these conditions the immature period was 11.35 days, significantly shorter than for the other two treatments. The lowest survival rate, 63% , occurred when F. occidentalis fed on bean leaves with both eggs and webs of T. urticae. Longevity and reproduction of adult F. occidentalis were not significantly different among the three treatments. The intrinsic rates of increase （ r ） of experimental populations of F. occidentalis were 0. 1779, 0.1827 and 0. 1710, respectively, on healthy bean leaves, bean leaves with the eggs of T. urticae and bean leaves with the eggs and webs of T. urticae. The results indicate that F. occidentalis development was fastest when it fed on the eggs of T. urticae, and that the presence of T. urticae webs can reduce the survival rate of F. occidentalis.