角倍蚜性母的羽化和生殖规律

Emergence and reproduction of sexuparae of Schlechtendalia chinensis

为了深入研究角倍蚜性母的羽化和生殖规律，以期为角倍人工培育技术的改进和产量的提高提供科学依据，本文采用直径为15 cm 的培养皿保湿培养载有角倍越冬若蚜的藓盘，并用直径5 cm 的培养皿单头培养春迁蚜，连续观察并记录了角倍蚜性母的羽化、迁飞和生殖过程。结果表明：角倍蚜性母全天均可羽化迁飞， 19 ： 00的羽化量最大，为羽化总数的 42.96 % ；在18 – 22℃条件下，迁飞过程持续6天，其中前3天的迁飞量最多，为总迁飞量的73.05 % ；角倍蚜性母羽化后2 h开始产性蚜，其中24 h内产性蚜最多，为性蚜总数的84.61 % ；角倍蚜性母一生可产性蚜1 - 4次，其中56.67 % 的春迁蚜一生产性蚜2次，角倍蚜性母的产若蚜次数与产若蚜量之间呈极显著正相关；60.00 % 的角倍蚜性母可产雌、雄两种性别的性蚜，36.67 % 的角倍蚜性母一生只产雄性蚜，仅有3.33 % 的角倍蚜性母一生只能产雌性蚜；雄性蚜的产出时间平均比雌性蚜早2 h。

In order to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of artificial cultivation techniques and increased the yield of the horned gallnut, we studied the emergence and reproduction of sexuparae of horned-galling aphid, $chlechtendalia chinensis （Bell）. The secondary host mosses, Plagiomnium maximovizii （ Lindb. ） T. Kop. , which was rearing S. chinensis were put into 15 cm petri dishes. Then each sexupara individual was catched and put in a 5 cm petri dishe respectively when sexuparae emerged. The emergence, migration and reproduction process were observated continuously. The result showed that sexuparae of S. chinensis emerged and migrated all day, but 42.96% emerged at 19 ： 00. On the condition of 18 - 22℃ , the emergence process lasted for 6 days, and the number of sexuparae emerged in the first 3 days was largest which standed the 73.05% of total. After emerged two hours, sexuparae began to reproduce sexuales, and 84. 61% sexuales were born in the first 24 hours. Sexuparae produced 1 -4 times all the life, and 56.67% produced sexuales twice. There were positive correlations between produced times and fecundity of sexuparae. Sixty percent of sexuparae not only produced both male and female, and 36. 67% of sexuparae only produced male, and 3.33% only produced female. The birth time of male was 2 hours earlier than that of female in average.