位、颌位与正畸治疗

Occlusion, mandibular position and orthodontic treatment

建立美观、健康、稳定、高效的咬合,是正畸医生的治疗目标之一。然而,目前正畸治疗的咬合标准大都局限于静态,对于动态即功能状态下的咬合状况研究较少。某些患者在治疗中即出现位与颌位不一致,或者是治疗中与治疗前其颌位不尽相同。这无疑会影响正畸治疗结果的稳定性,乃至颞下颌关节以及整个口颌系统的健康。功能理论认为髁突在关节窝内发生移位是导致患者位与颌位不一致、治疗后复发的主要原因。功能理论中包含了如何评价患者、颌关系的手段和方法。本文主要对功能理论的内容和应用方法作简单的介绍。

One of the ultimate goals for orthodontic treatment is to establish an esthetic, healthy, stable and effi- cient occlusion. Currently, however, most of the criteria are limited to static occlusion, with little attention to dynamic occlusion. During the therapy, the orthodontists may sometimes find the maximum intercuspation （MI） is remarkably inconsistent with the centric relation （CR）, or the mandibular positions are different before and after the therapy. These definitely will influence the stability of the treatment, or even the health of temporomandibular joint （TMJ） and stoma- tognathic system. The functional occlusion theory emphasizes that the displacement of TMJ in the glenoid fossa is the reason for the inharmony between MI and CR, and the relapse. What is more, this theory also gives the orthodontists the ways to evaluate the relationships among the MI, CR and TMJ. In this paper, we will introduce the contents and methods of the functional occ｜usion theory.