VB_1对育雏和育成鹅生长性能、消化酶活力、肝脏TPK1基因表达量的影响及相关性研究

Effects of Vitamin B_1 Level on Growth Performance,Activity of Gastrointestinal Digestive Enzymes and TPK1 Gene Expression in Liver of Brood and Finishing Geese and Study of Correlation

本试验以鹅为试验对象,研究饲粮中不同VB1水平对鹅生长性能、消化道消化酶活力和TPK1基因表达量的影响及其相关性,以确定鹅育雏和育成期VB1的需要量。试验选用1日龄肝用型青农灰鹅360只,随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只。试验各组VB1的水平分别为:0～4周龄为1.0、2.8、4.6、6.4、8.2、10.0mg·kg-1;5～15周龄为0.8、2.6、4.4、6.2、8.0、9.8mg·kg-1。试验期共15周。结果表明:1)日增重在2个生长阶段与需要量成二次曲线变化,0～4周龄以5.60mg·kg-1为最佳,5～15周龄以4.98mg·kg-1为最佳;胃蛋白酶活力在2个生长阶段与需要量成二次曲线变化,0～4周龄以5.48mg·kg-1为最佳,5～15周龄以6.03mg·kg-1为最佳;胰脏胰蛋白酶活力在0～4周龄时与需要量成二次曲线变化,最适需要量为5.46mg·kg-1;十二指肠内容物胰蛋白酶活力0～4和5～15周龄时均与需要量成二次曲线变化,最适需要量分别为5.36和5.41mg·kg-1。2)15周龄鹅生长速度与消化道胃蛋白酶、胰脏胰蛋白酶、胰脏淀粉酶、肠胰蛋白酶、肠淀粉酶活力均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与胰脏脂肪酶活力呈显著正相关(P<0.05);3)15周龄时6.2mg·kg-1 VB1显著提高鹅肝脏中硫胺焦磷酸激酶(TPK1)基因的表达量(P<0.05),且TPK1基因的表达量与胃蛋白酶、胰脏脂肪酶、肠淀粉酶活力呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。试验结果表明:从生长性能分析,VB1的需要量随日龄的增加而出现下降趋势,0～4和5～15周龄饲粮VB1适宜需要量分别为5.60和4.98mg·kg-1;VB1影响鹅肝脏中TPK1基因的表达,而TPK1基因又调控了胃蛋白酶、胰脏脂肪酶、肠淀粉酶的活力,从而调节了生长性能。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary vitamin B1 level on growth performance, gastrointestinal digestive enzymes activity and TPK1 gene expression of Qingnonghui geese, to determine vitamin BI requirement in different weeks. Three hundred and sixty 1-day-old Qingnonghui geese were randomly selected and divided into 6 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 geese in each replicate. The level of vitamin B1 in each group were 1.0, 2.8, 4.6, 6.4, 8.2, 10.0 mg · kg-1 at weeks 0 to 4, and 0.8, 2.6, 4.4, 6.2, 8.0, 9.8 mg· kg-1at weeks 5 to 15. The experiment lasted for 15 weeks. The results showed as follows. 1） The rela-tionship between daily weight gain and requirement presented quadratic model in two growth sta- ges, the optimal dietary levels of vitamin B1 are 5. 60 mg · kg-1 at weeks 0 to 4, and 4. 98 mg · kg-1 at weeks 5 to 15. The relationship between activity of pepsin in glandular stomach con- tents and requirement presented quadratic model in two growth stages, the optimal dietary levels of vitamin B1 are 5. 48 mg · kg-1 at weeks0to4, and 6.03mg · kg-1atweeks5 to 15. The rela- tionship between activity of trypsin and requirement presented quadratic model at weeks 0 to 4, the optimal dietary levels of vitamin B1 was 5.46 mg · kg-1. The relationship between activity of trypsin in duodenum contents and requirement presented quadratic model at weeks 0 to 4 and 5 to 15, the optimal dietary levels of vitamin B~ were 5.36 and 5.41 mg · kg-1 , respectively. 2） At 15 weeks of age, the growth rate of geese and activity of pepsin, trypsin and amylase in pancreas and trypsin and amylase in duodenum contents were positive correlation （P〈0.01） ,and activity of lipase in pancreas was positive correlation （P（0.05）. 3） At 15 weeks of age, 6.2 mg · kg-1 vitamin B1 significantly increased the expression of TPK1 gene （P〈0.05） and the expression of TPK1 gene and activity of pepsin, lipase in pancreas and amylase in duodenum contents were positive correlation （P〈0.01）. In conclusion, consideration from the growth performance, the requirement of vitamin B1 appears to decline with the age. The requirement of vitamin B1 are 5.60 mg ·kg-1 at weeks 0 to 4,and 4.98 mg ·kg-1 at weeks 5 to 15 Vitamin B1 effects the expression of TPK1 gene in liver and TPK1 gene regulates the activity of pepsin, lipase in pancreas and amylase in duodenum contents, then regulating the growth performance.