两个新疆棉花品种体细胞胚胎发生的比较研究

Comparative Studies of Somatic Embryogenesis of Two Cotton Cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Xinjiang

以新疆棉区主栽品种新陆早33号和新彩棉7号为实验材料,比较不同激素组合对两者体细胞胚胎发生过程的影响,以建立高效再生体系。结果表明,新陆早33号和新彩棉7号在2,4-D+KT的激素组合下出愈率均为100%,降低2,4-D浓度有利于胚性愈伤组织的分化,分化率分别达到60.0%和7.5%;在IBA+KT的激素组合下出愈情况相对较差,分别为72.5%和85.0%;继代几次后,两个品种的胚性愈伤组织分化率可分别达到45%和55%,新陆早33号和新彩棉7号分别在DK和IK激素组合下更有利于体细胞胚胎发生过程。进一步观察发现,新彩棉7号分化形成胚状体的能力比新陆早33号更强,两品种均能在6个月内获得再生植株。再生体系的建立,为新疆棉花开展分子育种工作奠定了基础。

Two major cultivars, Xinluzao33 and Xincaimian7 were studied for establishing efficient regeneration system, and the procedures of somatic embryogenesis were compared in different hormone combination. Calli induction rates of the two varieties reached 100% in 2,4-D ＋KT hormone combination; the induction rates of embryogenic calli of Xinluzao33 and Xincaimian7 were significantly enhanced through reducing the concentration of 2,4-D, and could reach 60.0% and 7.5%, respectively. Calli induction rates of the two varieties were lower in IBA＋KT hormone combination, reached 72.5% and 85% in Xinluzao33 and Xincaimian7, respectively. Subculture for several months late, the induction rates of embryogenic calli of Xinluzao33 and Xincaimian7 could reach 45% and 55% , respectively. DK and IK hormone combination were more suitable for Xinluzao33 and Xincaimian7, respectively. Further investigation suggested Xincaimian7 showed strong embryogenic capacity than Xinluzao33. Regenerated plants were obtained from the two cultivars within 6 months.