荒漠木本植物种子盐逆境萌发研究进展

Advances in Seed Germination of Desert Woody Plants under Salinity Stress

荒漠地区由于降雨量少,蒸发量大,常伴有土壤盐渍化,其生态系统中的优势种群主要由旱生灌木、超旱生灌木和半灌木等灌木类木本植物组成。在长期的进化过程中,它们的种子逐渐形成与恶劣环境相适应的萌发对策,从而确保其在特定的荒漠环境中生存和繁衍。本文就单一盐胁迫和干旱与盐胁迫交互作用对荒漠木本植物种子萌发的影响,以及种子形态结构、环境诱导种子休眠和种子萌发行为等三个方面对种子萌发的盐适应特性进行了综述。鉴于荒漠地区干旱、土壤盐渍化常常并发,应加强干旱和盐胁迫双因子及多因子对荒漠植物的影响及响应机理方面的研究,为今后筛选和挖掘有耐盐潜力的荒漠木本植物种质,以及荒漠植被重建与恢复提供理论依据。

Due to low precipitation and high evaporation in desert region, there is often accompanied by soil salinization. xeric, xeric shrubs and semi-shrubs and other woody plants are dominant populations in desert ecosystems, and their seeds in the long-term evolution evolved the germination strategy adapted to harsh habitats, which ensure plants existence and reproduction. In this paper, it is summarized the effects of desert woody seeds＇ germination under single salt stress and drought-salt stress, as well as salinity adaptability characteristics of desert woody plant seed germination, which included following three aspects： seed morphological structure, seed dormancy by environment induced and germination behavior. As the desert dry and soil salinization simultaneously occur, it is significant to pay attention on the study of dual-factor and multi-factor impact and mechanism of drought and salt stress on desert woody seeds, which can provide theoretical foundation about that screening and excavation of salt resistance potential of desert woody species, as well as desert vegetation reconstruction and recovery.