医疗保险对家庭医疗消费水平影响的效应分析——兼论医疗保险与贫困的联合影响

The Analysis of the Impact of Medical Insurance on Household Medical Consumption:Based on the Panel Data on Household of Nine Cities

家庭医疗消费受到经济社会等诸多因素的影响,医疗保险和贫困是主要的影响因素之一。基于9城市4年家庭跟踪面板数据,使用面板数据固定效应模型,分析了医疗保险、贫困以及二者交互作用对家庭医疗消费的影响。研究结果发现,在控制其他变量的前提下,医疗保险提高了家庭医疗消费水平,显著释放了家庭的医疗需求;贫困因素显著抑制家庭医疗消费,贫困状况越差,家庭医疗消费水平越低;医疗保险显著增加了在城市的农村户籍低保户家庭的相对医疗消费,医疗保险和贫困因素对家庭相对医疗消费的作用存在城乡差别。在研究结论的基础上,提出了加强医疗保险的可携带性、改进医疗保险转移接续制度等政策建议。

The household medical consumption is affected by many factors such as the economy and society. Medi- cal insurance and poverty are the major influence factors among them. Based on the panel data on household of nine cities, the comprehensive use of mixed effects OLS model of panel data, fixed effects OLS model and random effects OLS model, analyzed the impact of medical insurance, poverty and the interaction of medical insurance and poverty on medical consumption. The result shows that by controlling other factors, medical insurance in general signifi- cantly increase the demand of medical consumption, and poverty significantly decrease household medical consump- tion. Meanwhile, the household medical consumption will be significantly reduced if the poverty situation is worse, and this indicates the impact of medical insurance and poverty on household medical consumption differ from rural and urban household. Some proposals on foundation of national medical insurance welfare such as strengthening the portability of medical insurance, improving medical insurance relationship transfer and connection policies are given according to the empirical analysis result.