高等学校教学自主权落实与行使的调查分析

An Analysis on the Survey of the Implementation and Performance of the Teaching Autonomy of Colleges and Universities

针对高等学校教学自主权依法落实和有效行使的情况,对湖南省23所公立本科院校的1 045名专职教师和管理人员进行了问卷调查。调查研究表明:高等学校教学自主权落实总体情况良好,其中自主组织实施教学活动落实情况最好;教学自主权在岗位类别与职称层次之间存在显著性差异;教学自主权主要表现为程序性自主权,受到的制约主要为间接约束;教学自主权的行使主体不明确,教师行使教学自主权的积极性和对于教学自主权的要求强度都处于中等水平;教学自主权的诉求主要是从自由裁量权提出而较少立足学生学习自由和教学改革。相关法律和制度设计要直接规定高等学校及其教师享有充分的教学自主权,保证教师行使教学自主权的主体地位,恪守学术自由与大学自治优先原则,避免过多的外部干预,促进高等学校及其教师积极、公平、完整地行使教学自主权。

On account of the implementation and performance of the teaching autonomy of colleges and universities, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,045 full - time teachers and administrators in 23 public colleges and u- niversities in Hunan Province. The results showed that the implementation of the teaching autonomy of colleges and universities was generally good. There existed some significant differences on the teaching autonomy between job nature and title level. The teaching autonomy mainly displayed as the autonomy in procedure, which was deter- mined mainly by the indirect constraints. The exercising subjects of the teaching autonomy were not defined, while the initiative of the teachers to exercise the teaching autonomy and the required intensity of the teaching autonomy were in the moderate levels. The appeal of the teaching autonomy was put forth by the discretionary power, which was rarely based on the students＇ freedom of study and the teaching reform. Relevant laws and system design should directly stipulate that teachers, colleges and universities have the right to enjoy the full teaching autonomy, ensure the subject status of teachers to exercise the teaching autonomy, abide by the basic principles of the academ- ic freedom and the university autonomy and avoid the overdue external interference.