论清末民初(1895—1916)陕西的庙产兴学运动

On the Movement of Confiscating Temple Property to Set up Schools in Shanxi from Late Qing Dynasty to Early Republic of China( 1895—1916)

清末民初时期,陕西庙产兴学运动的持续发展,是多种社会因素综合作用的结果。它明显分为两个阶段:在清末,各地征用的重点是祀典以外的民间神庙;西安光复后,各地征用的范围扩大到了所有庙宇,对佛教寺院的冲击尤为严重。为了应对这场灾难,陕西佛教人士组织了现代性社团,采用多种合法手段维护自身利益,收到了明显效果。

The movement of confiscating temple property to set up schools had been lasting in Shaanxi from the end of Qing Dynasty to the beginning of The Republic of China. It was the result of the complex interplay among differ- ent social factors. Obviously there were two stages ： at the end of Qing Dynasty, temples without sacrifices were the majority of confiscation ; after the recovery of Xi＇ an, all temples became the target of confiscation. And the impact to Buddhist Temples was severe. To cope with this disaster, Buddhists of Shaanxi organized modem associations and took legal actions to protect their own rights and interests. These measures had a positive effect.