南京国民政府监所教诲政策研究

A Study of the Prisoners' Edification Policy Adopted by the Nanjing National Government

在历史和现实需要诸因素影响下,南京国民政府司法当局对治下监所人犯教诲政策进行了全面设计,并付之实践,以期改善治下监所管理中的诸多问题。但其设计及运作结果显示:这一设计和运作虽在表面上具有劝导犯人改邪归正、弃恶从善之目的,却又包含极强的愚化功能;该政策虽在一定程度上缓解了南京国民政府治下监所压力,但并未真正解决实质性的问题。如此制度设计与运作彰显的仍是近代社会转型过程中司法制度自身转型的艰难,它实际上并不能脱离同时期政治、经济、思想诸制度的影响;也无法脱离诸多的人为干涉因素。

Under the influence of both historical and practical factors, the Nanjing National Government designed and implemented the prisoners＇ edification policy in a more comprehensive manner, hoping to s6lve the various problems with its prisons. The policy eased the inner pressure of the prisons and tranquilized the prisoners＇ intense psychological tension, but did not solve the major problems with the prisons and met with failure at last.