中国马铃薯主要病毒病发生情况调查与分析

Investigation and analysis on potato viral disease in China

马铃薯病毒病是造成马铃薯减产的主要因素,为了解中国马铃薯种薯质量及生产中病毒病发生情况,在马铃薯主产区黑龙江、内蒙古、甘肃、河北等地采集具有典型病毒病症状的样品、疑似病毒样品和随机无症样品,包括试管苗样品248个,原原种样品93个,大田种薯样品621个,共计962个。应用DAS-ELISA方法检测6种马铃薯主要病毒:PVX、PVY、PVS、PLRV、PVM和PVA。结果表明,219份样品病毒检测结果呈阳性,PVS检出率最高,PVY次之。有10个样品是由多种病毒复合侵染造成。不同级别种薯质量情况为试管苗PVS病毒发生较多,原原种质量较好,大田种薯PVY病毒发生比例最高。

Potato viral disease is a main factor which could reduce yield. In order to know the quality of seeds and potato virus disease occurrence in production, 962 samples were collected in main potato production areas of China, such as Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Hebei, including in vitro plantlet samples of 248, pre-elite samples of 93, field grown seed samples of 621. Six viruses of PVX, PVY, PVS, PVM, PVA and PLRV were tested by DAS-ELISA and 219 samples were tested as positive. PVS was the predominant virus, followed by PVY. Ten samples were infected by infection of multiple viruses. PVS was commonly found in the in vitro plantlets, the quality of pre-elite was good, and the potato virus incidence of PVY was the highest in field grown seeds.