黑莓品种间杂交及与野生悬钩子种间杂交初步研究

Preliminary studies on intervarietal crossing among blackberries and interspecific crossing between blackberries and wild Rubus species

文章对10个引自国外的黑莓栽培品种进行主要经济性状调查,开展黑莓品种间杂交及与我国野生悬钩子优良种质的种间杂交试验,并调查不同杂交组合的结实率及果实大小、种子数量与种子大小、杂交种子播种出苗率及杂交苗的刺性状。结果表明,黑莓栽培品种（2n=4x和2n=7x）与野生悬钩子（2n=2x）杂交、黑莓树莓杂交品种（2n=7x）与黑莓品种（2n=4x）杂交的结实率低于21.1%,而黑莓品种间杂交结实率可达80%以上;黑莓杂交后代的刺性状与亲本密切相关,父母本一方有刺的,其后代绝大多数（80%~90%）有刺,亲本双方都无刺的,后代也会有少量（3%~5%）植株有刺。

Based on investigation on main economic traits of 10 blackberry cultivars introduced from abroad, trials of intervarietal crossing among blackberries and interspeciflc crossing between blackberries and wild Rubus species were performed. Then the serial traits including seed setting rate, fruit size, amount, hybrid seed size and emergence rate, and thorn character were investigated. The results showed that seed setting rate of both blackberry （Tetraploid or Heptaploid）xwild Rubus species （Diploid） and hybrid （blackberry x raspberry） （Heptaploid）x blackberry （Tetraploid） were lower than 21.1%, that of blackberry （Tetraploid）xblackberry （Tetraploid） was higher than 80%. The thorn character of hybrid seedlings was associated with their parents, as the hybrids with thorny parents were almost thorny （80%-90%）, the hybrids with thornless parents were partially thornless except a few thorny plants （3%-5%）.