鄂尔多斯市中心医院医院感染调查

INVESTIGATION OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION STATUS IN ERDOS CITY CENTER HOSPITAL

目的调查鄂尔多斯市中心医院医院感染状况,并对感染病原菌的种类分布进行分析,为合理使用抗生素,有效地预防和控制医院感染的发生提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,分别计算出医院感染率、科室和部位、医院感染分布及其科室的抗生素使用情况的统计,根据临床微生物实验室的资料,按菌株数量计算出主要病原菌的构成比。结果医院感染发生率为2.92%,医院感染例次发病率为3.18%。各科室均有医院感染发生,其中烧伤科、神经外科、ICU感染率最高,分别是15.61%、10.11%、9.38%;医院感染部位以呼吸道感染为首,其次是皮肤软组织、泌尿道,构成比分别为41.07%、25.68%、18.12%;60岁以上年龄组和<10岁的年龄组医院感染率相对较高,为6.39%和4.02%。抗生素使用率为71.3%,其中妇产科使用率最高,为96.0%;感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,但凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌居第一位。结论医院感染率在不同科室的分布不同,以呼吸道感染最常见,抗生素使用率均高于卫生部的要求,而且感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection（NI） and the tendency of bacterial distribution in Erdos City Center Hospital, in order to provide data for monitoring and control of nosocomial infection. Methods A retrospective survey was performed by reviewing the documents for 26271 hospitalized patients of authors hospital in 2009. According to the collected data, the incidences of nosocomial infections, the ratios in terms of departments, infected sites were respectively counted and the antibiotic use rates in each department were also counted. In addition, we had got the message of bacterial distribution during the same period of time. Results The total nosocomial infection rate was 2.92 %, the case times of nosocomial incidence rate was 3.18%. There were different incidence in every department, the highest was department of burn, and followed by department of neurosurgery and ICU, whose incidences were 15. 61% ,10.11% ,9.38%, respectively. The constitutes of nosocomial infection sites were respiratory tract （41.07%）, skin softissue（25.68%）, urinary tract （18. 12%）. The patients older than 60 had the highest nosocomial infection incidence, which was 6.39 % and followed by the patients aged more less 10 years old, which was 4.02%. The rate of antibiotics application was 71.3%, the highest was department of gy- naecology（96.0%）. The main hospital pathogens were Gram negative bacilli. Conclusions The ratio in terms of departments is different and respiratory tract infection is most frequent in hospital. The rate of antibiotics application is more than national standard. The main hospital pathogens are Gram negative bacilli, which is accordance with other domestic report.