煤矸石-粉煤灰烧结砖的研制

Development of Sintered Brick Made from Coal Gangue and Fly Ash

利用煤矸石和粉煤灰烧结砖不但可减少固体废弃物的排放,还可创造可观的经济效益。利用阜新本地煤矸石和粉煤灰,经原料制备、原材料的处理、砖坯成型和烧结等工艺,可生产出满足国家质量标准的烧结砖。经制备工艺正交试验,制品抗压强度主要受材料配比和烧结温度的影响,其次是升温速率和保温时间。由于助熔剂的加入,煤矸石-粉煤灰砖的焙烧温度可以由1200℃降低到1100～1150℃。由试验分析的结果,合理的材料配比为:灰矸比3∶7,外加2%玻璃粉;合理的砖坯成型水分为12%,砖坯成型压力为30 MPa;合理的烧成制度为:升温速率80min/h,烧成温度1150℃,保温时间100 min。研制的烧结砖呈粉红色至砖红色,与普通粘土砖基本相同,外观规整,无裂纹其它大的缺陷且无石灰爆裂现象。产品从制坯到烧成的过程中各方向的变形均满足质量要求。本文研究为普通黏土烧结砖厂技改成煤矸石-粉煤灰砖厂提供了有力的技术保障。

The sintered brick made from coal gangue and fly ash can not only reduce emissions of solid waste but also attain considerable economic benefits.The sintered brick can be produced and meet the national quality standards by using the coal gangue and fly ash of Fuxin after the preparing and processing of raw material,and the forming and sintering of green brick ect.According to the orthogonal experiment,the compressive strength of the product is mainly affected by the material mixture ratio and the sintering temperature,followed by the heating rate and holding time.As mixed with the flux,the roasting temperature of the coal gangue-fly ash brick can be reduced from 1200 ℃ to 1100 ～ 1150 ℃.According to the result of the test analysis,the reasonable material mixture ratio of fly ash and coal gangue is 3 ∶ 7,in addition with 2% glass powder;the reasonable proportion of water needed to form green brick is 12%,the pressure needed to form green brick is 30 MPa;the reasonable firing system is： heating rate 80min/h,sintering temperature 1150 ℃,holding time 100 min.The sintered brick developed looks from pink to brick red,appears neat,without cracks,other large defects as well as lime burst phenomenon,which is basically same to ordinary clay brick.The distortion of all directions meets the quality requirements in the process which the products are from formed to fired.The effective technical guarantee is provided for the common clay sintering brick change to the coal gangue-fly ash brick.