论BIT中最惠国待遇条款的解释

Study on the Interpretation of the Most-favored-nation Treatment Clause

大量存在的双边投资条约(Bilateral Investment Treaty,简称BIT)构成了国际投资法的主体,而BIT中的最惠国待遇条款则是保障平等竞争,促进投资自由化的重要工具。目前在国际投资实践中出现了最惠国待遇条款能否适用于争端解决程序的争议,该争议的解决有赖于国际仲裁机构的解释。国际仲裁机构对该问题的解释存在着从宽解释和限制解释的问题,从而造成了最惠国待遇条款在争端解决适用上的不确定性。《维也纳条约法公约》第31、32条构成了条约解释的习惯法规则,按照习惯法规则对最惠国待遇条款进行解释,不仅有助于投资争端解决的一致性和一贯性,也有助于为国际投资体制提供保障和可预见性。

Bilateral investment treaties have become the main body of the international investment law;the most-favored-nation treatment（MFN） clause of the BIT is an important tool of ensuring fair competition and promoting economic liberalization.At present,the disputes have appeared whether the MFN clause applied to the dispute settlement.To solve the problem,it depends on the interpretation of the international arbitration.But the interpretation of the international arbitrations are different,there are broaden interpretation and limitation interpretation.It leaded to the uncertainty on the question whether the MFN clause applied to the dispute settlement.This text must be interpreted in accordance with the principles of treaty interpretation,as codified in the Vienna Convention.Interpretation of MFN clause according to article 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention will contribute to the consistency of the dispute settlement,and help to provide protection and predictability of the international investment system.