三峡水库运行对鄱阳湖影响及对策研究

Study on the impact of Three Gorges reservoir on Poyang Lake and some proposals

为了评估三峡工程建成运行对鄱阳湖的影响,本文选取典型水文年,在演算分析基础上,初步分析了三峡水库运行对鄱阳湖湖口水位、湖区水情的影响程度。研究认为三峡水库汛末蓄水(10—11月份)将降低湖口水位0.4～1.6m,导致湖区水位相应下降0.3～1.2m,鄱阳湖枯水期提前将使湖区抗旱能力降低,同时部分洲滩提前出露将对湿地生态环境产生影响,而其它月份三峡水库运行对鄱阳湖影响较少。从消除或减免三峡水库运行对鄱阳湖影响角度,建议优化三峡水库汛末蓄水方式,并做好与鄱阳湖五河支流蓄水工程调度之间的协调。

According to the analysis of typical hydrological years, the impact of Three Gorges reservoir on Poyang Lake has been briefly estimated in this paper. The change of water level in the exit and inside of lake by the operation of Three Gorges reservoir was calculated. It is found that due to the water string of Three Gorges reservoir after floodsing season, the water level of Hukou hydrological gauge wouht fall 0.4- 1.6m. Correspondingly, the water level inside Poyang Lake would fall 0.3-1.2m. The low water period wouht come earlier, and it would not only reduce the ability of anti-drought, but also change the wetland eco-environment of the lake. Finally, optimizing the water storing schedule of Three Gorges reservoir and cooperation with the reservoirs located in five tributaries of Poyang Lake have been proposed for mitigating the impacts.