饮用水水源地严格管理水质的对策分析——对实行严格水资源管理问题上的看法和建议

Countermeasures for Strict Water Quality Management of Drinking Water Sources:Some Thoughts and Suggestions on Implementing Strict Water Resources Management

2012年1月国务院发布了《关于实行最严格水资源管理制度的意见》,这是众所关注的要事,实行了最严格水资源管理的原则精神以及确定县级以上政府负总责的规定.但对如何严格管理的技术路线和对策措施上,特针对现实中存在的主要问题提出以下3点看法和建议:①达到地面水环境质量Ⅱ类水质的饮用水水源地不一定未受污染;②保护区内企业车间排水口符合第一类污染物最高允许排放浓度规定是满足饮用水水源地要求的必要条件;③《地面水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)对第一类污染物规定的Ⅱ类水质,是否体现了水环境背景值有较大存疑.

Suggestions on Carrying Out Strict Management Regulations of Water Resources were promulgated by the State Council in January,2012.This is an important issue which has drawn public attention.I strongly support the principle and spirit of the regulations,as well as the request that governments above the county level bear the overall management responsibility.However,as to the technical route of and countermeasures for achieving strict management,several problems exist in reality.Relevant opinions and suggestions are given in this paper（the paper focuses exclusively on drinking water sources which are most in need of strict protection and management）.Main opinions are as follows.①The sources of drinking water meeting the ClassⅡstandard in Surface Water Environment Quality Standards（GB 3838-2002） may not necessarily be unpolluted;②A necessary condition for protecting drinking water sources is that the effluents of enterprises＇ workshops discharged into the conservation zone should meet the regulation on the permitted maximum concentration of priority-I pollutants defined in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard（GB 8978-1996）;③There is a strong doubt about whether Class Ⅱstandard in GB 3838-2002 for priority I pollutants reflects environmental background values in water.