利用无人机释放赤眼蜂研究

Report of Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Release Trichogramma

为了改进赤眼蜂传统人工释放方法,提高赤眼蜂释放效率,解决赤眼蜂释放难题,尤其是高杆作物释放赤眼蜂的困难。本研究通过筛选赤眼蜂浸泡液溶质、比较不同浸泡时间对赤眼蜂羽化率的影响、研究无人机释放赤眼蜂悬浮液在植株上的落点率及羽化率,探索了无人机释放赤眼蜂的可行性。结果显示:溶质A是赤眼蜂悬浮液理想溶质,赤眼蜂在1.5‰A溶液里能均匀悬浮2 h,且悬浮90 min内羽化率无显著影响。利用无人机释放赤眼蜂时,悬浮液落在植株上的比率为87.61%,悬浮液经过蠕动泵这一过程对赤眼蜂羽化率无显著影响,表明无人机释放赤眼蜂是可行的,且和传统人工释放方式相比,具备高效、释放均匀等优点。本研究在国内开创了无人机释放赤眼蜂先河,具有巨大的经济、环境效益。

To improve the traditional artificial approach of releasing Trichogramma, increase the efficacy and solve the problems of releasing Trichogramma especially for the high haulm crops, the possibility of releasing Trichogramma by unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） was explored by screening solute of Trichogramma suspension, comparing effects of soaking Trichogramma in suspension on adult emergence rate of Trichogramma, and studing the suspension proportion perching on the plants and the adult emergence rate of Trichogramma while releasing Trichogramma by UAV in this study. The result indicated that solute A was the ideal solute for Trichogramma suspension. The Trichogramma could suspend in 1.5‰ A solution evenly for 2 hours. The adult emergence rate of Trichogramma was not affected by the soaking time within 90 minutes. The percentage of Trichogramma suspension perching on the plants was 87.61% when using UAV to release the Trichogramma suspension to the farmland. There was no significant effect on the emergence rate when the Trichogramma suspension pressed by the peristaltic pump. To conclude, it was feasible to use UAV to release Trichogramma and it was more effective when releasing compared with the traditional approach. This study initiated the UAV releasing Trichogramma in China and had great economic and environmental benefit.