子宫颈腺癌人乳头状瘤病毒感染与型别分布研究中应注意的问题

Human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution in cervical adenocarcinoma： problems should be noticed

子宫颈癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一。在过去的几十年中，以细胞学为基础的筛查已大大降低了一些国家子宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发病率。但是，子宫颈腺癌的绝对和相对发病率在全世界范围内有所增高，即使在成功开展了子宫颈癌筛查的国家之中，其腺癌发病率也呈现出上升趋势。这种变化趋势使得腺癌成为子宫颈癌预防的焦点之一，同时也提示以细胞学为基础的常规筛查并不能有效预防子宫颈腺癌。人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）是子宫颈腺癌的一个重要的致病因素，因此，以HPV DNA为基础的筛查和子宫颈癌疫苗能有效预防子宫颈腺癌的发生。但是，这些措施的实施和评价有赖于腺癌中HPV感染率和型别分布的可靠数据。文章综述了目前关于子宫颈腺癌HPV感染和型别分布研究所存在的问题及相应的解决方法。

ervical cancer is one of the most common cancer in women worldwide. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma（SCC） has decreased significantly in countries with cervical cancer screening programs over the past decades. However, an increasing of both absolute and relative incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma（CADC） has been observed worldwide, including countries where screening is routinely implemented, indicating that conventional screening programs can＇t offer adequate protection against CADC. Since human papillomavirus （HPV） is an important etiologic factor of CADC, CADC may be effectively prevented by prophylactic vaccine and screening based on HPV DNA test. But it needs reliable data of HPV infection and genotype distribution in CADC to assess the potential benefits of vaccination and screening based on HPV DNA test. This review summarizes the problems in researches regarding to HPV infection and genotype distribution in CADC and finds out the solutions.