中华鳖淋巴心的组织学研究

Lymph hearts in Trionyx sinensis and the histology

采用解剖、石蜡切片和电镜制片方法，对中华鳖淋巴心的解剖部位、大小、显微结构和内容物的超微结构进行了观察。结果表明，中华鳖有３对淋巴心，位于肺部两侧的体腔外，通过结缔组织与背甲相连。测量和统计检验结果显示，其长径和短径均与背甲长呈直线正相关，性别间无显著差异。淋巴心呈椭球形，中央有１个腔，由淋巴心壁向内突出数条环形嵴状瓣膜。淋巴心壁的组织结构可分为４层，由内向外依次为立方上皮层、致密结缔组织层、横纹肌层和结缔组织外膜。腔内除液体基质外，还可见细胞及许多裸核（不见细胞膜和细胞质）等。电镜下裸核有明显核仁，核周围有溶酶体等散落的细胞器。

Location, size, and microstructure of lymph heart in Trionyx sinensis, and the ultrastructure of its inner cells were observed in this paper. Three pairs of lymph hearts were found in the body of T. sinensis. They locate at the sides of lung outside the body cavity, attached to the carapace by connective tissue. The results of measurement and statistic test show that their long and short diameters are linear-positively correlative with the length of the carapace and no significant difference between sexes was observed. The lymph hearts appeared as little ellipsoids and there is a cavity in each of them. Several circle crest-like valves extrude from the wall to the cavity. The wall of lymph heart is made of 4 sections inner to outer, which are cubic epithelial cell, dense connective tissue, thick wall of striated muscle and outer membrane of connective tissue. The central cavity contains cells and naked nucleus besides liquid matrix. There is distinct nucleolus in the naked nucleus and some dispersed organelles such as lysosome around the nucleus.