对虾池不同水质调控围隔中浮游物的研究

Study on seston in enclosures treated by different water-quality regulating measures in shrimp pond

于１９９８年６～９月在山东海阳养虾场运用陆基围隔实验生态学方法，通过搅底、接种光合细菌、接种硅藻和充气 ４种水质调控措施，研究了虾池中浮游物的变动情况。结果表明，浮游物中无机部分占 ４９．１％～ ６４．１％，有机部分占 ３５．９％～ ５０．９％，有机颗粒（ ＰＯＭ）中，颗粒腐质：浮游细菌：浮游植物：浮游动物为０．６０：０．２４：０．１１：０．０５；随着养殖时间的延长，浮游物及其各组分的干重都有所增加，但各组分的百分比变化较大；搅底和接种硅藻２组中浮游植物的生物量都有所增加，但颗粒腐质的百分比减少；充气和搅底使围隔中无机颗粒含量增加，透明度降低；光合细菌对水体中浮游物的影响较小。

The study was conducted in the shrimp farm of Haiyang, Shandong Provice from Jun. to Sep. 1998, with the enclosu re- e xperi m ent al method. Four regulating measures were used on water qual it y, whi c h we re aer ation, agitating bottom, implanting photosynthetic bacteria or diatoms. The results show that in the seston particulate inorganic matter constituted 49. 1 % - 64. 1 %, and particulate organic matter 35. 9 % - 50. 9 %, and the composition ratios detritus: bacterioplankton: phytoplankton: ooplankton was 0. 60: 0. 24: 0. 11: 0. 05, and detritus and bacterioplankton occupied important places. The dry weight of seston and its components increased with the prolonged cultural time. The percentage of components varied greatly. The biomass of phytoplankton increased and the percentage of detritus decreased in the enclosures treated by agitating bottom or implanting diatom. The measures of aeration and agitating bottom increased the quantity of particle inorganic matter, which reduced the water transparency, so the photosynthesis in those enclosures was restrained. The impact of implanting photosynthetic bacteria on the quantity of seston phytoplankton was not obvious.