大学生认知方式与顿悟问题解决的关系

The Relationship between Cognitive Styles and Insight Problem Solving among College Students

很多学者认为场认知方式是影响顿悟问题解决的重要因素之一。本研究采用《镶嵌图形测验》对随机抽取的51名大学生进行了认知方式调查,并将其分为场独立和场依存两组进行火柴棍算式问题实验,进一步探讨不同认知方式被试在解决顿悟问题时的个体差异。结果表明:相比场依存型解决者,场独立型解决者的顿悟问题解决能力更高,但性别差异不显著;在解决火柴棒顿悟问题时,被试更注重火柴棒算式中的数值而非符号。

Field-dependent and field-independent cognitive ed as one of major factors which affect insight problem solving. Embedded Figures Test is used in the study, in which the cognitive styles of sophomore investigated. According to their score, they were signed into two groups and tested the match arithmetic problem in order to discuss the find out the individual differences of solving the insight problem. The result indicated that： compared to field dependence （FD） solvers, field independence （FI） solvers spend less time in solving insight problems, and no significant gender differences were showed; subjects paid more attention on numbers rather than symbols when solving the match arithmetic problem.