提高铁观音产量、品质的施肥技术研究

Effect of fertilizer on productivity and quality of Tie Guanyin Oolong tea

有机肥与无机肥 4因素 3水平的正交试验结果表明 ,有机无机肥配施 ,不仅能促进铁观音茶树的速生快长 ,提高茶叶产量 ,且能增进成茶品质。产量与品质兼优的施肥组合为 N3P1K3RC2或 N2 P2 K2 RC3。不同茶龄 N、P、K、RC对茶树生长所起的作用不同 ,幼龄茶树 K是茎粗增长的肥料主效因子 ,成龄茶树 ,肥料对产量效应以 N为大 ,其次为 K;K是成茶品质的肥料主效因子 ,其次为 RC。不同施肥处理对成茶主要生化成分含量和比例影响不同 ,从而引起品质差异。水浸出物、咖啡碱、茶多酚、还原糖、醚浸出物、儿茶素与品质关联度依次为 0 .7799、 0 .72 68、 0 .6651、0 .6589、 0 .6151和 0 .5783。有机无机配施情况下 ,适当提高钾肥的施用比例 。

The experiment was conducted as orthogonal design in 4 factors 3 levels with the organic and inorganic fertilizer The results showed that applying organic and inorganic fertilizer coordinately could promote the fast growth of Tie Guanyin,enhance the productivity and the quality The best combination were N 3P 1K 3RC 3 or N 2P 2K 2RC 3 Effects of N,P,K and RC on tea plant growing in every stage were different K was the main fertilizer factor of diameter increament of young tea tree N played the most effective role on yield of mature tea tree,the second was K.It was the main fertilizing factor to affect quality then RC Effect of different fertilizer treatments on the biochemical content and ratio of mature tea tree were different The correlation coefficient of water extraction,caffeine,polyphendes,reducing sugar,ester extraction,catechin with quality were 0 7799,0 7268,0 6651,0 6151 and 0.6589, 0 5783,respectively Applying organic and inorganic fertilizer coordinately and increasing the dose of K properly was an important way for Tie Guanyin tea plant.