国外清洁柴油生产加氢技术发展综述

Global hydrogenation technology for clean diesel production

清洁柴油生产技术发展的主要方向是降低硫含量、芳烃含量以及提高十六烷值等,其中加氢脱硫技术的开发最多,应用最为广泛。在一些对柴油芳烃含量要求比较严格的国家或地区,能够降低硫含量和芳烃含量的单段芳烃饱和技术以及两段芳烃饱和技术得到应用。高效系列催化剂的合理应用已成为许多炼厂产品质量升级的主要措施之一。目前,在全球柴油生产加氢处理催化剂领域较为突出的公司有美国标准催化剂、托普索及雅保等公司。美欧柴油质量升级主要依靠柴油生产加氢处理技术,新建装置和改造原有装置并举。对于中国炼油企业来说,在经济能力允许的情况下增加柴油生产加氢处理的能力并适当发展加氢裂化装置,可解决柴油产品质量升级和劣质原料加工的双重难题。柴油生产加氢装置换用性能更加优异的新型催化剂以及对反应器等主要设备进行改造,既可以改善产品质量,又可以扩大装置产能,提高反应器效率,增加企业经济效益。

The main direction of clean diesel technology is to reduce sulfur and aromatic content and increase cetane content. The most developed and widely used technology is hydrodesulfurization. In some countries or regions that have stringent requirements on the aromatic content of diesel fuel, single-stage and two-stage aromatic saturation techniques are applied to reduce the content of sulfur and aromatics. The rational application of efficient catalysts has become one of the main measures applied to upgrade product quality at many refineries. At present, U.S. standard catalyst producers, Topsoe, Albemarle, et al., are prominent global producers of diesel hydrotreating catalysts. Quality upgrading of diesel in the United States and Europe relies mainly on diesel hydrotreating technology, involving new devices and the simultaneous renovation of the original devices. In case of adequate economic capacity in China, Chinese refiners should increase hydrotreating capacity in diesel production and properly develop hydrocracking units to resolve the dual problems of upgrading diesel quality and the processing of poor raw materials. Hydrotreating units for diesel production with a superior new catalyst and renovated reactors will not only improve product quality but also expand plant capacity, improve reactor efficiency and bring economic benefit to enterprises.