伊朗回购合同模式下作业者投资回收面临的挑战及应对策略

Challenges faced by Iranian Buy-Back Service contractors and ways to deal with them

伊朗回购服务合同是目前所有油气合作模式中风险最大的服务合同之一。回购合同的作业者必须按照回购合同条款,先期垫付执行合同所需的投资,而且只有在项目建成投产移交后,才能进入商业回收阶段,作业者才能定期从产品销售收入中回收投资成本、操作费用、固定报酬和银行利息;在回收过程中,还面临着诸如产量、回收模式和回收途径等困难和挑战。本文主要说明伊朗回购合同作业者商业回收的具体流程,结合当前伊朗面临的国际、国内形势,分析回收过程中所面临的挑战,提出了一系列有效的应对策略,以确保中国企业在伊朗的投资及收益能够顺利实现。

The Iranian Buy-Back Service Contract is one of the riskiest oil and gas cooperation arrangements nowadays. The contractor must provide in advance the entire funding necessary to carry out the project. When the project is completed and successfully handed over, the contractor will recover the investment cost, operating cost, fixed payment and bank interest regularly from the sale of petroleum products in the commercial recovery phase. In this recovery process, the contractor faces a lot of difficulties and challenges in steady oil production, recovery measures, the recovery model, etc. Complicating the potential commercial risks in the cost recovery phase is the current Iranian international and domestic situation. A series of measures are proposed to guarantee that the Chinese contractor can recover the investment cost and make a profit in Iran.